What is a Substance Abuse Disorder?

Substance use disorder (SUD) is a complex condition characterized by uncontrolled use of a substance despite harmful consequences. Oftentimes, people with SUD have an intense focus on using a certain substance, which ultimately impairs their ability to function in day-to-day life.

This disorder can range in severity, but it typically results in a change in brain function, increased tolerance to substances, withdrawal symptoms, and intense cravings. According to the National Institute on Drug Abuse, reasons vary, though many people begin taking drugs due to peer pressure, curiosity, and self-medicating purposes.

Signs and Symptoms of Substance Abuse

1. Increased Tolerance

Needing more of the substance to achieve the same effects often leads to increased usage.

2. Withdrawal Symptoms

Experiencing physical or psychological symptoms such as nausea, sweating, shakiness, and anxiety when not using the substance.

3. Loss of Control

Using more of the substance than intended or for a longer period than planned.

4. Unsuccessful Efforts to Quit

Making one or more unsuccessful attempts to reduce or control substance use.

5. Excessive Time Spent

Spending a lot of time obtaining, using, or recovering from the effects of the substance.

6. Neglecting Responsibilities

Failing to fulfill major work, school, or home responsibilities due to substance use.

7. Continued Use Despite Problems

Continuing to use the substance despite knowing it is causing or exacerbating social, psychological, or physical problems.

8. Social Withdrawal

Reducing or giving up important social, occupational, or recreational activities because of substance use.

9. Risky Use

Using substances in physically hazardous situations (e.g., driving or operating machinery).

10. Cravings

Experiencing strong desires or urges to use the substance. This can include symptoms of withdrawal.

11. Financial Issues

Spending significant amounts of money on substances leads to financial hardship and possibly engaging in illegal activities to fund substance use.

12. Secrecy and Deception

Going to great lengths to hide the extent of the substance use from friends and family.

13. Changes in Appearance

Noticeable changes in appearance, including significant weight loss or gain, poor skin condition, and lack of attention to personal hygiene.

14. Physical Health Issues

Developing health problems related to substance abuse, such as liver damage from alcohol abuse or lung damage from smoking.

15. Mental Health Decline

Experiencing worsening or new-onset mental health issues, such as depression, anxiety, or paranoia.

Like some other mental disorders, substance abuse disorder is more often defined by the effects it has on an individual’s life and relationships rather than the type of substance being used.

More often than not, SUD is linked to mental health problems that the substances exacerbate. Seeking help or treatment is important to avoid long-term consequences to health and relationships.

The Connection Between Substance Abuse and Mental Health Disorders

While substance abuse and mental health disorders are closely linked, one is not directly responsible for causing the other. However, mental health disorders can increase the risk of drug abuse and vice versa. Someone with a mental health condition would benefit from refraining from substances, and someone with a substance abuse disorder is likely to develop a mental health disorder if they are not already suffering from one.

A double diagnosis such as this is referred to as co-occurring mental disorders. Dealing with substance abuse and mental health issues can be challenging, but seeking help is the first step towards recovery.

Reaching out to a qualified counselor can help you begin your journey toward healing and overcoming the struggles associated with SUD.

Common Co-Occurring Mental Disorders

When it comes to co-occurring mental disorders, the term typically includes depression, bipolar disorder, and anxiety disorders. While there are other mental disorders that can coincide with SUD, these are the most common.

Co-occurring disorders can happen to anyone, but if you are predisposed or have a family history of mental health disorders, it is helpful to avoid substances or seek help to avoid co-occurring mental disorders.

Dual Diagnosis Treatment Options

The best treatment for co-occurring disorders is an integrated approach, where both the substance abuse problem and the mental disorder are treated simultaneously. At Camelback Integrated Health and Wellness, our comprehensive approach ensures that people are treated holistically.

Treatment programs can include medication, individual or group counseling, self-help measures, lifestyle changes, and peer support. Building a community is one of the best things someone can do for themselves to stay on the path to a healthier tomorrow.

Self-Help Strategies for Recovery

Professional treatment is key for most mental health issues, especially with co-occurring disorders. However, there are some things that you can do on your own time that can help with the recovery process.

Some of the self-help strategies include:

• Learning more about healthy coping strategies like breathing techniques
• Avoiding situations where substance abuse is celebrated, like going out to a local bar
• Maintaining strong relationships with the people who care about you
• Spending more time outside being active
• Managing stress levels
• Keeping a healthy diet

By implementing these small changes, you can massively impact your mental health. There is a large risk of relapse for people who suffer from substance abuse and mental health disorders, but being proactive outside of counseling can help mitigate that.

Helping a Loved One with a Dual Diagnosis

If you know someone with an unofficial dual diagnosis, or maybe they have even sought help and are in need of some support, it’s important to be there for them through each step if you can. It can be a challenging process, but accepting what you can and cannot do is the perfect place to start.

People with SUD need their community to set clear boundaries, and you need that in order to protect your own mental health through the journey. Educate yourself on what an SUD is, and do your best to learn more about what the experience may be like for them.

If they haven’t sought out professional counseling, encourage them to do so. Seeing a certified professional can help them gain control over their lives.

Support your loved one’s treatment plan, and try to attend therapy sessions with them when you can. This creates accountability and understanding, and it can help them feel less alone.

If you or someone you know is suffering from SUD, get in touch with a team of experts who can help you on the journey to recovery.